Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying substances in the body?

The liver is the primary organ responsible for detoxifying substances in the body. This vital organ plays a crucial role in metabolizing and eliminating toxins, including drugs, alcohol, and metabolic waste products. It contains specialized cells called hepatocytes that carry out various metabolic processes, breaking down harmful substances into less toxic forms that can be excreted either through bile or bloodstream.

The liver's ability to store and release glucose, produce bile for fat digestion, and synthesize proteins also contributes significantly to its detoxifying functions. Its extensive blood supply from both the hepatic artery and the portal vein allows it to process toxins directly from the gastrointestinal tract, making it an essential organ in maintaining overall homeostasis.

While the kidneys also participate in detoxification by filtering waste products from the blood and excreting them in urine, their primary function revolves around fluid and electrolyte balance rather than comprehensive detoxification of organic compounds. The pancreas is chiefly involved in digestion and blood sugar regulation, while the spleen filters blood but does not play a direct role in detoxification.